The Church Trauma of Stifled Grief

A Reflection and Analysis from an Old Testament Perspective

Authors

  • Michael Chris Ndele Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.64261/0b86g734

Keywords:

Trauma, Stifled Grief, Church, Sexual Abuse, Agent, Clergy, Job

Abstract

The Church spans a community of relationship between people and God. As an organization, the Church can induce trauma among individual members and at the same time undergo it. The present paper investigates the question of the role of the Church in trauma creation and management. Traumatic incidence particularly clergy sexual misconduct disrupts harmonious relationship and puts the Church at the crossroads of a difficult decision and action. Drawing upon a narrative analysis with the story of Job in the Old Testament, it is observed that the Church trauma of stifled grief parallels Job’s traumatic experiences among his friends in his community. While individuals who suffer trauma in the Church have much in common with Job as a victim of trauma, it is evident that both trauma victims in the Church and the Church as a whole may find valuable lessons in Job’s trauma episode for mutual healing and restoration of peace and well-being.

Author Biography

  • Michael Chris Ndele, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium

    Academic Researcher, Department of Biblical Studies

References

Alexander, Jeffery C. Trauma: A Social Theory. Malden, MA: Polity, 2012.

Alter, Robert. The Wisdom Books, Job, Proverbs and Ecclesiasts: A Translation with Commentary. New York: Norton, 2010.

Arbuckle, Gerald A. Abuse and Cover-Up: Refounding the Church in Trauma. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 2019.

Balentine, Samuel. “Traumatising Job.” Rev Exp 105 (2008): 213-228.

Barr, James. The Semantics of Biblical Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1961.

Barthes, Roland. Mythologies. St. Albans: Paladin, 1973.

Brown, Laura S. Cultural Competence in Trauma Therapy: Beyond the Flashback. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2008.

Caruth, Cathy. Unclaimed Experience: Trauma, Narrative and History. Baltimore: John Hopkins University, 1996.

Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2nd edn. 206-211.

Clines, David A. J. ed. The Dictionary of Classical Hebrew, vol. II. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1995.

Cloer, Eddie. What is the Church? Identifying the Nature and Design of the New Testament Church. Searcy, AR: Resource, 1993.

De Bovis, André. What is the Church? Trans. R. F. Trevett. Collegeville, MN: Liturgical, 1961.

Dulles, Avery. Models of the Church. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1974.

Erikson, Kai T. “Notes on Trauma and Community.” American Imago 48 (1991): 455-472.

Fokkelman, Jan P. Reading Biblical Narrative: An Introductory Guide. Trans. Ineke Smit. Louisville, KY: Knox, 1999.

Fokkelman, Jan P. The Book of Job in Form. Leiden: Brill, 2012.

Foucault, Michel. The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences. New York: Vintage Books, 1974.

Galbraith, John K. The Anatomy of Power. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1984.

Habel, Norman. God Trauma and Wisdom Therapy: A Commentary on Job. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress, 2024.

Hartley, John E. The New International Commentary on the Old Testament: The Book of Job. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1988.

Hartman, Geoffrey. “Trauma within the Limits of Literature.” European Journal of English Studies, 7 (2003): 257-274.

Hattersley, Roy. The Church and Its People in Britain and Ireland, from Reformation to the Present Day. London: Chatto and Windus, 2017.

Hopkins, Nancy Myer and Mark Laaser. Restoring the Soul of a Church: Healing Congregations Wounded by Clergy Sexual Misconduct. Collegeville, MN: Liturgical, 1995.

Houck-Loomis, Tiffany. History Through Trauma: History and Counter-History in the Hebrew Bible. Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock, 2018.

Leys, Ruth. Trauma: A Genealogy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000.

McNally, Richard J. Remembering Trauma. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2003.

Mounce, William D. Complete Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2006.

Muraoka, Takamitsu. Greek-English Lexicon of the Septuagint Chiefly of the Pentateuch and the twelve Prophets. Leuven: Peeters, 2009.

Pederson, Joshua. “Speak Trauma: Toward a Revised Understanding of Literary Trauma Theory.” Narrative 22 (2014): 333-353.

Saul, Jack. Collective Trauma, Collective Healing: Promoting Community Resilience in the Aftermath of Disaster. New York: Routledge, 2014.

Trenchard, Warren C. A Concise Dictionary of the New Testament Greek. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

Verde, Danilo. The Language of Trauma in the Psalms. Pennsylvania: Eisenbrauns, 2024.

Yansen, James W. S. Daughter Zion’s Trauma: Trauma Informed Reading of Lamentations. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias, 2019.

Young, Allan. The Harmony of Illusions: Inventing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995.

Downloads

Published

2026-01-04

How to Cite

The Church Trauma of Stifled Grief: A Reflection and Analysis from an Old Testament Perspective . (2026). Interdisciplinary Journal of the African Alliance for Research, Advocacy and Innovation, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.64261/0b86g734

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.